Understanding Canine Chewing Behavior: Causes, Differentiation, and Effective Solutions
Chewing is a natural behavior for dogs that serves various purposes, from exploration to teething, stress relief, and, for some, showing frustration
While chewing is normal and essential for a dog’s mental and physical well-being, it can become problematic when it leads to destructive behavior. In this comprehensive guide, we will graze over some of the reasons behind chewing behavior in dogs, the importance of distinguishing between normal and destructive chewing, and offer practical tips for redirecting chewing behavior and using deterrents effectively. Remember that the chewing behaviors and or nipping, teeth on hands, gripping, holding, pulling, or anything else that can be done with the mouth, can be absolutely stopped. It takes consistent training and most of the time oversight of a training professional to get it right, and to do it fairly, calmly, ethically, and morally
Causes of Chewing
Teething: Puppies, like human infants, go through a teething phase during which they feel discomfort and itchiness, pain, or bleeding in their gums. Chewing helps alleviate this discomfort by providing relief to their sore gums. In reality, giving the dog the wrong toy during this time, such as anything hard, anything that can hook a tooth, and ultimately result in being yoink’ed or yeet’ed out of their little mouth, is very important. As much as we don’t want chewing, we don’t want them in pain or becoming any sort of mouth shy, and for those looking at more intensive training i.e, sports/ protection/ etc, you want to watch any aversion to your deep-seated grip.
Exploration and Play: Dogs use their mouths to explore their environment and interact with objects around them. Chewing is a natural way for dogs to investigate new scents, textures, and tastes so we want them to explore and experience things- but do not want them picking up things like bones, poop, other animals (unless your sporting on purpose), but we do want them to play, so we walk a fine line as in some other areas in training. Being aware of your dog and constantly assessing both yourself and your dog’s true capabilities is important throughout your dog’s life and training journey. Boredom and Excess Energy: Dogs that lack mental and physical stimulation may resort to chewing as a way to alleviate boredom or release pent-up energy. If a dog does not get enough stimulation, they will search for a way to release their energy in other behaviors, such as chewing/biting. Anxiety and Stress: Dogs may chew as a coping mechanism for anxiety or stress. This type of chewing is often accompanied by other signs of anxiety, such as pacing, panting, or destructive behavior when left alone. Make note of these behaviors- these are the ground floor for other issues to begin to show up.
Genetic Background: Some dogs are predisposed to destructive chewing behaviors than others. For instance, herders (like Australian Cattle Dogs) are more likely to chase and nip since that what they are bred to do.
Differentiating Between Normal and Destructive Chewing
Normal Chewing: Normal chewing involves chewing on appropriate items such as chew toys, bones, or other dog-safe objects. It serves as a natural and necessary behavior for dogs to satisfy their instinctual urge to chew. Some of the better toys also serve as a dental cleaner so choose your toys with meaning.
Destructive Chewing: Destructive chewing refers to chewing on inappropriate items such as furniture, shoes, people or animals, or any other household objects. This type of chewing can cause damage to property and poses safety hazards for both the dog and the household.
Tips for Redirecting Chewing Behavior
Provide Plenty of Chew Toys: Offer a variety of chew toys in different textures, shapes, and sizes to satisfy your dog’s chewing needs. Rotate the toys regularly to keep them engaging and prevent boredom. DO NOT LEAVE THEM OUT ALL OF THE TIME. They lose value and novelty. When the dog is done playing with them- remove them and hide them to keep the allure alive.
Supervise and Manage Environment: Supervise your dog when they are out of their crate or confined space to prevent them from chewing on inappropriate items. Use baby gates, exercise pens (ex-pens) or regular crates to restrict access to areas where chewing is a concern.
Redirect and Reinforce: When you catch your dog chewing on inappropriate items, redirect their attention to an appropriate chew toy. Praise and reward them when they chew on the correct item, reinforcing positive chewing behavior.
Exercise and Mental Stimulation: Ensure your dog gets enough physical exercise and mental stimulation to prevent boredom and reduce chewing behavior. Interactive games, puzzle toys, and training sessions can help keep your dog mentally engaged and satisfied.
Using Deterrents for Unwanted Chewing
Bitter Apple Spray: Apply a non-toxic bitter apple spray to items you want to deter your dog from chewing. The unpleasant taste will discourage chewing and redirect your dog’s attention to more appropriate items. Some dogs love it, like some humans love Warheads (the uber sour candy).
Chew Deterrent Sprays: There are commercially available chew deterrent sprays specifically formulated to discourage chewing behavior in dogs. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for safe and effective use, although we rarely recommend these.
Citrus or Vinegar: Some dogs dislike the scent of citrus fruits or vinegar. Spraying diluted citrus or vinegar solution on items may deter your dog from chewing on them. (Unlikely, in our opinion and personally I don’t like strong chemicals like bleach or vinegar near my dogs knowing they have extremely sensitive smell capabilities).
Provide Alternative Chewing Surfaces: Offer alternative chewing surfaces such as bully sticks), dental chews, or antlers to satisfy your dog’s chewing instinct and deter them from chewing on inappropriate items. Stay away from chews made of raw hide, as it’s unsafe for your dog’s stomach and internal organs.
Conclusion
Chewing is a natural and instinctual behavior for dogs that serves various purposes, from teething relief to mental stimulation. However, it’s essential to distinguish between normal and destructive chewing and address any underlying issues that may contribute to unwanted chewing behavior. By providing appropriate chew toys, supervising your dog, and using deterrents effectively, you can redirect chewing behavior and prevent damage to your belongings. With time and effort, you can help your dog develop appropriate chewing habits and lead a happy and fulfilled life.